Which type of bias is based on a person's individual viewpoint?

The type of bias based on a person's individual viewpoint is personal bias. This form of bias arises from an individual's unique experiences, beliefs, and emotions, which can influence their perspective and decision-making process. Personal bias highlights how personal history and identity shape the way someone perceives and interprets information or events. It manifests when a person's preferences or prejudices cloud their judgment, leading to a subjective rather than an objective assessment.

Cultural bias, on the other hand, stems from the values and norms of a specific culture that can color perceptions of other cultures. Group bias reflects the inclination to favor one's own group over others, often resulting in scenarios where decisions or opinions are influenced by group identity rather than individual reason. Positional bias relates more to the influence of an individual’s role or status within a hierarchy or organization, which can skew perspectives based on their position rather than their personal beliefs.

Understanding personal bias is crucial for fostering critical thinking and enhancing decision-making skills, as it emphasizes the importance of self-awareness in recognizing the limitations that one's viewpoint may impose on their understanding.